Introduction: Evidence on pregnancies fathered by men receiving kidney replacement therapy(KRT) is limited. Concerns remain on medication teratogenicity, particularly mycophenolic acid analogues(MPA)1,2. Through data linkage we were able to access the full maternal, obstetric and perinatal record for pregnancies fathered by these men.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study linking ANZDATA Registry (1970–2016) with perinatal datasets (1991–2013) across four Australian jurisdictions3. Outcomes of pregnancies fathered by men receiving KRT (dialysis or transplantation) at conception were compared to a non-KRT cohort.
Results: Of 2,844,991 parenthood events, 501 occurred in transplant recipients (51% MPA exposed) and 147 in dialysis patients. Paternal age at conception was similar between dialysis and transplant cohorts (median 33.6 years(IQR 30.4-37.9) versus 33.9(IQR 30.3-38.3), p=0.69). Time from start of KRT modality to conception was longer in transplant recipients compared to dialysis (median 8.0 years(IQR 4.7-12.9) versus 3.3(IQR 1.0-7.1), p<0.01). Mothers were slightly older in the transplant group than the dialysis group (32[IQR 28–35] versus 31[IQR 26–35] years, p<0.01), however, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, live/term delivery, Apgar scores, or congenital abnormalities did not differ. Birthweight was slightly lower in the dialysis cohort compared to transplant and non-KRT cohorts (median 3268g(IQR 2940-3560) versus 3430g(IQR 3105-3780) versus 3400g(IQR 3060-3730), p<0.01). Fetal outcomes were comparable between pregnancies with versus without paternal MPA or calcineurin inhibitor exposure.
Conclusion: In the largest cohort with the longest follow-up to date, perinatal outcomes of pregnancies fathered by men on KRT were reassuring, with no adverse signals from MPA exposure.